Understanding Fibroids: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

 Do you suffer from heavy and painful periods every month? Is it so intense that it affects your daily routine? It could be more than just a difficult cycle. These symptoms point to the presence of fibroids.

 Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus. They can range in size from as small as a pea to as large as a melon. In the early stages, they often go unnoticed. But as they grow, noticeable symptoms start to appear.

There are several reasons why fibroids may develop, and understanding these reasons is key to receiving the right help. 

In this blog, you will know about the symptoms, causes, and treatment options — to help you understand fibroids better.

What Are Fibroids?

Fibroids are non-cancerous growths that form in or around your uterus. They're also called uterine fibroids or myomas.

These lumps are made of muscle and fibrous tissue. They can be as small as a seed or as large as a melon. Most fibroids are harmless, but sometimes they can cause problems.

Types of Fibroids and Where They Grow

Fibroids don't all grow in the same place. Here are the main types:

• Intramural fibroids: These grow within the wall of the uterus. They're the most common type.

• Subserosal fibroids: These grow outside the uterus and can press on nearby organs.

• Submucosal fibroids: These grow into the inner lining of the uterus. They can cause heavy bleeding.

• Pedunculated fibroids: These are attached to the uterus by a stalk.

Knowing the type helps your doctor decide the best treatment for you.

Common Fibroids Symptoms

Many women with fibroids don't have symptoms. But if they do, here's what to watch out for:

• Heavy or long periods

• Pelvic pain or pressure

• Frequent urination

• Pain during sex

• Backache or leg pain

• Bloating or fullness in the lower belly

• Trouble getting pregnant

These are all signs that you should see a doctor — preferably a gynecologist in Kolkata if you're in the city.

What are the causes of Fibroids?

Doctors aren't exactly sure what causes fibroids, but here's what they believe:

• Hormones: Estrogen and progesterone help fibroids grow.

• Genetics: If your mother or sister has had fibroids, you may also be at risk.

• Age: They usually appear between 30 and 50 years old.

• Obesity: Being overweight increases the risk of various health issues.

• Food habits: Diets high in red meat and low in green veggies may contribute.

While you can't always prevent fibroids, understanding their causes helps you stay informed about them.

Fibroids and Their Impact on Fertility and Pregnancy

Can fibroids in uterus cause infertility? Sometimes, yes.

Fibroids can:

• Block the fallopian tubes

• Change the shape of the uterus

• Interfere with embryo implantation

• Increase the risk of miscarriage or early labour

Fibroids during pregnancy can also cause complications, depending on their size and location. That's why it's important to get checked early, especially if you're planning to conceive.

 How Fibroids Are Diagnosed? 

Doctors use a few tests to find out if you have fibroids:

• Pelvic exam — to feel for lumps or swelling

• Ultrasound — the most common test

• MRI — for more detailed images

• Hysteroscopy — a small camera is inserted through the cervix

• Sonohysterography — saline is used to get clearer ultrasound images

If you have symptoms, don't wait. Book an appointment with a trusted gynecologist in Kolkata for a proper diagnosis.

Uterine Fibroids treatment

These treatments help manage symptoms, especially if you want to avoid surgery:

• Hormonal birth control — helps reduce heavy bleeding

• GnRH agonists — shrink fibroids temporarily

• Tranexamic acid — reduces bleeding during periods

• Pain relievers — for cramps and fibroids pain relief

These won't remove fibroids, but they can make life more manageable.

Surgical Options: Myomectomy and Hysterectomy

If fibroids are large or symptoms are severe, surgery might be the best choice.

• Myomectomy: This process removes only the fibroids, not the uterus. It is beneficial for women who wish to have children.

• Hysterectomy: Removes the entire uterus. It's a permanent solution, but it means you won't be able to get pregnant.

Fibroids removal surgery is safe and effective, but talk to your doctor about what's right for you.

Lifestyle and Natural Remedies for Fibroid Relief

Want to try natural ways to manage your fibroids? While they won't cure fibroids, these may help ease symptoms:

• Eat more fruits and leafy greens

• Reduce red meat and processed foods

• Maintain a healthy weight

• Try yoga or gentle exercise

• Manage stress

Natural treatment for fibroids focuses on balance in diet, lifestyle, and hormones.

When to See a Doctor About Fibroids? 

Don't ignore your body's signals. See a doctor if you:

• Have heavy or painful periods

• Feel a lump or pressure in your belly

• Can't get pregnant

• Experience pain during sex

• Have frequent urges to pee

Early detection helps avoid bigger problems. If you're in the city, find a gynecologist in Kolkata who specialises in fibroid care.

CASE STUDY

1. Patient Name: Mrs NB

2. Age / Gender: Female

3. Health Concern / Symptoms Reported: 

4. Diagnosis: Uterine fibroids

5. Treatment Given: Mrs. N underwent laparoscopic Myomectomy. Just months after surgery, she underwent a normal pregnancy.

She mentions that Dr. Roy calmly and patiently handled her situation. He explained the entire process clearly, which made her feel confident in his approach.

The surgery and post-operative care were handled with utmost care and professionalism. She went through minimal pain and discomfort.

Even during her pregnancy, Dr. Roy carefully monitored her, ensuring everything was going smoothly and safely. She is extremely grateful to him for his expertise, compassionate care and precision in handling complex cases.

Don't ignore the signs

Fibroids are common. It may last for years without causing any obvious symptoms. With a routine gynecology checkup, it is possible to get rid of them and live a pain-free and stress-free life.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, consult a reputable gynaecologist for care and guidance.

Managing fibroids is about more than just medicine 

It's about understanding your body and taking control of it. Consult Dr. Pallab Roy, the best gynecologist in Kolkata.  

FAQs: Size, Growth, and Recurrence

Can fibroids go away on their own? 

Sometimes they shrink after menopause, but usually, they stay unless treated.

Do fibroids grow back after treatment? 

Yes, they can, especially after myomectomy. Regular checkups help monitor this.

How big can fibroids get? 

Some stay tiny. Others can grow large enough to make you look pregnant.

Are fibroids cancerous? 

Almost never. Less than 1% become cancerous.

Can fibroids come back after removal? 

Yes. But treatments can help control them over time.